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    June 25

    费马原理

    早在17世纪,法国数学家费马就针对光的传播问题提出了一个基本原理:光在介质中传播时所选择的传播路线总是使其传播过程历时最短的路线.
     
    "人们习惯于用起因结果来思考折射:光照到水面上是起因,方向的变化是结果。但费马原理听上去很古怪,因为它以目的的形式来描述光的行为。它就像是光线的指挥官——以最快的路线前进。'"  
     本质是,普通的物理法则的表述是具有因果关系的,而像费马定理的可变法则具有目的性,几乎是目的论。" 
    “那么让我们假设光的目的是要沿着最快的路线前进。这样的话,光如何走呢?”
     "好吧,假若按人类行为学来说,光得检验每条可能的路线并计算每条得花多少时间。"  
     "那样做的话,光线得知道目的在哪儿。假如目的地在某某其他地方,最快的路线就会不同。" 
    完全正确。‘最快的路线'的概念是无意义的,除非有特定的目的地。计算沿着一条假想的路线需多长时间也需要关于在这条路线上有什么东西的信息,比如水面在哪?" 
    "在光开始移动前,它得事先知道所有这一切,对吗?"  
     “这样说来,光线不能沿着老路前进,然后再在后来返回。因为引起这样行为的路线不是最快的。在一开始光就已经做好了全部的计算。”
    “在光线能够选择它移动的方向前,它已经知道它最终会在那里结束?”

    Comments (2)

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    佳 费wrote:
    是的。今天在看Ted Chiang.
    25 June
    天昊 吴wrote:
    你一生的故事?
    25 June

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